Military History: Most Popular Articles
These articles are the most popular over the last month.
Vietnam Origins
A look at the causes of the Vietnam War, from World War II to American intervention.
A look at the causes of the Vietnam War, from World War II to American intervention.
Civil War Causes
The American Civil War was the result of a variety of causes ranging from slavery and states rights to industrialization and societal change. These, combined with the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, touched off the American Civil War.
The American Civil War was the result of a variety of causes ranging from slavery and states rights to industrialization and societal change. These, combined with the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, touched off the American Civil War.
Vietnam Brief
Start here for information about the Vietnam War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
Start here for information about the Vietnam War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
Gatling Gun
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Colt Navy Revolver
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
World War II Europe: Causes
The causes of World War II in Europe can be traced to the Treaty of Versailles which ended World War I. As a result of economic hardship imposed by the treaty, as well as the Great Depression, Germany embraced the fascist Nazi Party. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis took control of the country and began a program of expansion that culminated with the invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939.
The causes of World War II in Europe can be traced to the Treaty of Versailles which ended World War I. As a result of economic hardship imposed by the treaty, as well as the Great Depression, Germany embraced the fascist Nazi Party. Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazis took control of the country and began a program of expansion that culminated with the invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939.
Spencer Rifle/Carbine
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Vietnam Ends
An overview of the final days of the Vietnam War.
An overview of the final days of the Vietnam War.
USS Monitor
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
1853 Enfield
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway in early June 1942, marked the turning point of World War II in the Pacific. Fighting to the west of Midway, the US Navy attacked and sunk four Japanese aircraft carriers while losing only one of its own.
The Battle of Midway in early June 1942, marked the turning point of World War II in the Pacific. Fighting to the west of Midway, the US Navy attacked and sunk four Japanese aircraft carriers while losing only one of its own.
World War II 101
The bloodiest conflict in history, World War II consumed the globe from 1939-1945. Fought predominently in Europe and across the Pacific and eastern Asia, World War II pitted the Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan against the Allied nations of Great Britain, France, China, the United States, and Soviet Union. While the Axis enjoyed early success, they were gradually beaten back, with both Italy and Germany falling to Allied troops and Japan surrendering after the use of the atomic bomb.
The bloodiest conflict in history, World War II consumed the globe from 1939-1945. Fought predominently in Europe and across the Pacific and eastern Asia, World War II pitted the Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan against the Allied nations of Great Britain, France, China, the United States, and Soviet Union. While the Axis enjoyed early success, they were gradually beaten back, with both Italy and Germany falling to Allied troops and Japan surrendering after the use of the atomic bomb.
American Civil War
The American Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865, and was the bloodiest conflict in American history. Pitting North against South, the American Civil War had lasting repucussions that are still felt today. This overview will provide a brief history of the American Civil War.
The American Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865, and was the bloodiest conflict in American history. Pitting North against South, the American Civil War had lasting repucussions that are still felt today. This overview will provide a brief history of the American Civil War.
M4 Sherman Tank
The iconic American tank of World War II, the M4 Sherman was produced in large numbers and served in all theaters. The M4 Sherman tank was a reliable, easily produced medium tank that provided invaluable service in supporting American troops.
The iconic American tank of World War II, the M4 Sherman was produced in large numbers and served in all theaters. The M4 Sherman tank was a reliable, easily produced medium tank that provided invaluable service in supporting American troops.
Sharps Rifle
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Napoleon
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Battle of Fredericksburg
The Battle of Fredericksburg was largely fought on December 13, 1862, and was a clear victory for Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Attacking the heights west of the town, Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside's Army of the Potomac was repulsed with heavy casualties. The defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg led to Burnside's removal from command.
The Battle of Fredericksburg was largely fought on December 13, 1862, and was a clear victory for Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Attacking the heights west of the town, Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside's Army of the Potomac was repulsed with heavy casualties. The defeat at the Battle of Fredericksburg led to Burnside's removal from command.
3-inch Ordnance Rifle
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Model 1861 Springfield
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
USS Kearsarge
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Battle of the Alamo
The Battle of Alamo was fought between Texan and Mexican forces between February 23 and March 6, 1836. Fighting for independence, the Texans fortified the Alamo and withstood a thirteen-day siege before Mexican forces overran the mission. Noted frontiermen Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett were killed in the fighting.
The Battle of Alamo was fought between Texan and Mexican forces between February 23 and March 6, 1836. Fighting for independence, the Texans fortified the Alamo and withstood a thirteen-day siege before Mexican forces overran the mission. Noted frontiermen Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett were killed in the fighting.
Maj. Gen. George McClellan
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
CSS Alabama
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Parrott Rifle
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
The American Civil War saw tremendous advances in military technology. This gallery provides an overview of the weapons used by both sides during the conflict.
Vietnam War 101
Start here for information about the Vietnam War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
Start here for information about the Vietnam War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
Boeing B-17
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Civil War: First Shots
The American Civil War first began when Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. Following this attack, President Lincoln called for volunteer troops to put down the rebellion. The American Civil War began in earnest in July at the First Battle of Bull Run.
The American Civil War first began when Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. Following this attack, President Lincoln called for volunteer troops to put down the rebellion. The American Civil War began in earnest in July at the First Battle of Bull Run.
Vietnam Vietnamization
A look at the latter stages of US participation in the Vietnam War.
A look at the latter stages of US participation in the Vietnam War.
Lt. Gen. Thomas Jackson
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Vietnam Tet Offensive
An examination of the Tet Offensive and its effects on the Vietnam War.
An examination of the Tet Offensive and its effects on the Vietnam War.
Battle of Chattanooga
The Battle of Chattanooga was fought between November 23-25, 1863, and consisted of two major actions. First Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Union troops cleared the Confederates from Lookout Mountain to the south of Chattanooga. They then drove Gen. Braxton Bragg's Army of the Tennessee off of Missionary Ridge, putting them to rout in the process. The Battle of Chattanooga ended the siege of the city and forced the Confederates to retreat into Georgia.
The Battle of Chattanooga was fought between November 23-25, 1863, and consisted of two major actions. First Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Union troops cleared the Confederates from Lookout Mountain to the south of Chattanooga. They then drove Gen. Braxton Bragg's Army of the Tennessee off of Missionary Ridge, putting them to rout in the process. The Battle of Chattanooga ended the siege of the city and forced the Confederates to retreat into Georgia.
USS Cairo
The Civil War saw radical advances made in naval warfare as ships shifted from wooden hulls to armored ironclads. This gallery will provide an overview of the types of warships used by both sides during the Civil War.
The Civil War saw radical advances made in naval warfare as ships shifted from wooden hulls to armored ironclads. This gallery will provide an overview of the types of warships used by both sides during the Civil War.
Battle of Puebla
On May 5, 1862, French and Mexican troops met at the Battle of Puebla. An early battle in the French intervention in Mexico, the fighting resulted in a surprising Mexican victory. The triumph at the Battle of Puebla is celebrated annually as Cinco de Mayo.
On May 5, 1862, French and Mexican troops met at the Battle of Puebla. An early battle in the French intervention in Mexico, the fighting resulted in a surprising Mexican victory. The triumph at the Battle of Puebla is celebrated annually as Cinco de Mayo.
Sopwith Camel
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
WWII in Africa & Italy
Following the fall of France, the fighting in World War II in Europe shifted to the sands of North Africa. Battling the famed "Desert Fox," Erwin Rommel, the Allies were able to sweep Axis troops out Africa and opened the "soft under belly" of Europe to attack. After landing in Sicily and Italy the Allies steadily advanced north for the remainder of World War II.
Following the fall of France, the fighting in World War II in Europe shifted to the sands of North Africa. Battling the famed "Desert Fox," Erwin Rommel, the Allies were able to sweep Axis troops out Africa and opened the "soft under belly" of Europe to attack. After landing in Sicily and Italy the Allies steadily advanced north for the remainder of World War II.
Mexican-War Overview
The Mexican-American War resulted the dramatic growth of the United States and laid the seeds for the American Civil War. Start here for information on the Mexican-American War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
The Mexican-American War resulted the dramatic growth of the United States and laid the seeds for the American Civil War. Start here for information on the Mexican-American War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
Battle of Gallipoli
The Battle of Gallipoli began when British Commonwealth and French troops landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula of Turkey adjacent to the Dardanelles. In a brutal campaign, Allied forces were unable to dislodge the Turks from Gallipoli's heights. After nearly a year of fighting they ended the fight and withdrew.
The Battle of Gallipoli began when British Commonwealth and French troops landed on the Gallipoli Peninsula of Turkey adjacent to the Dardanelles. In a brutal campaign, Allied forces were unable to dislodge the Turks from Gallipoli's heights. After nearly a year of fighting they ended the fight and withdrew.
Battle & Evacuation of Dunkirk
Fighting the Battle of Dunkirk, the British Expeditionary Force struggled to hold off the German advance in order to allow Allied forces to evacuate to England. Forming a defensive perimeter around Dunkirk, British forces held out long enough to allow a wide variety of vessels to rescue over 330,000 men. Though a defeat, the success of the Dunkirk evacuation allowed Britain to continue the war.
Fighting the Battle of Dunkirk, the British Expeditionary Force struggled to hold off the German advance in order to allow Allied forces to evacuate to England. Forming a defensive perimeter around Dunkirk, British forces held out long enough to allow a wide variety of vessels to rescue over 330,000 men. Though a defeat, the success of the Dunkirk evacuation allowed Britain to continue the war.
Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa was a famed leader during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1921). Operating in the north of the country, Villa was famed for his lightening cavalry raids and freebooting attitude. In 1920, he retired from military campaigning and lived in peace until he was killed in 1923.
Pancho Villa was a famed leader during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1921). Operating in the north of the country, Villa was famed for his lightening cavalry raids and freebooting attitude. In 1920, he retired from military campaigning and lived in peace until he was killed in 1923.
Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Mexican American War
Fought 1846-1848, the Mexican-American War changed the landscape of North America and laid the groundwork for the Civil War.
Fought 1846-1848, the Mexican-American War changed the landscape of North America and laid the groundwork for the Civil War.
Ending the Conflict
The most transformative conflict in history, World War II impacted the entire globe and set the stage for the Cold War. As World War II raged, the leaders of the Allies met several times to direct the course of the fighting and to begin planning for the postwar world. With the defeat of Germany and Japan, their plans were put into action.
The most transformative conflict in history, World War II impacted the entire globe and set the stage for the Cold War. As World War II raged, the leaders of the Allies met several times to direct the course of the fighting and to begin planning for the postwar world. With the defeat of Germany and Japan, their plans were put into action.
Andersonville Prison
Andersonville Prison was the most notorious prisoner of war camp of the Civil War. Constructed in southern Georgia, the 26.5 acre, open stockade received over 45,000 prisoners during its year of operation. Plagued by disease and starvation, 12,913 Union prisoners died at Andersonville.
Andersonville Prison was the most notorious prisoner of war camp of the Civil War. Constructed in southern Georgia, the 26.5 acre, open stockade received over 45,000 prisoners during its year of operation. Plagued by disease and starvation, 12,913 Union prisoners died at Andersonville.
Operation Husky
Beginning in July 1943, Operation Husky was the Allied invasion of Sicily during World War II. Landing on the southern coasts of Sicily, American and British armies drove across the island forcing German and Italian troops to retreat to the mainland. Operation Husky cleared the way for the invasion of Italy and contributed to the fall of Mussolini's regime.
Beginning in July 1943, Operation Husky was the Allied invasion of Sicily during World War II. Landing on the southern coasts of Sicily, American and British armies drove across the island forcing German and Italian troops to retreat to the mainland. Operation Husky cleared the way for the invasion of Italy and contributed to the fall of Mussolini's regime.
Yamamoto
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto was the genius behind Japan's early naval successes during World War II. After the attack at Pearl Harbor, Yamamoto was finally defeated at the Battle of Midway. On April 18, 1943, Yamamoto was killed when his plane was intercepted by American fighters near Bougainville.
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto was the genius behind Japan's early naval successes during World War II. After the attack at Pearl Harbor, Yamamoto was finally defeated at the Battle of Midway. On April 18, 1943, Yamamoto was killed when his plane was intercepted by American fighters near Bougainville.
Battle of the Coral Sea
Fought May 4-8, 1942, the Battle of the Coral Sea was a strategic victory for the Allies. In the first naval battle fought entirely with aircraft, Allied naval forces were able to block a Japanese drive through the Coral Sea to Port Moresby. When the Battle of the Coral Sea ended, the Japanese had lost a light carrier while the Allies lost a heavy carrier.
Fought May 4-8, 1942, the Battle of the Coral Sea was a strategic victory for the Allies. In the first naval battle fought entirely with aircraft, Allied naval forces were able to block a Japanese drive through the Coral Sea to Port Moresby. When the Battle of the Coral Sea ended, the Japanese had lost a light carrier while the Allies lost a heavy carrier.
Battle of Dak To
The Battle of Dak To began as attempt by the North Vietnamese to destroy a sizable US force in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. This attack was disrupted by US forces and a three week battle ensued with American troops fighting to dislodge the North Vietnamese from a series of fortified hills and ridges. After heavy fighting, the Americans were able to win the Battle of Dak To and force the North Vietnamese to retreat.
The Battle of Dak To began as attempt by the North Vietnamese to destroy a sizable US force in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. This attack was disrupted by US forces and a three week battle ensued with American troops fighting to dislodge the North Vietnamese from a series of fortified hills and ridges. After heavy fighting, the Americans were able to win the Battle of Dak To and force the North Vietnamese to retreat.
Capture of New Orleans (1862)
The city of New Orleans was captured by Union forces on April 25, 1862. Battling past the Confederate forts on the Mississippi River, Flag Officer David G. Farragut succeeded in reaching the city after probing the defenses for over a week. The largest city in the Confederacy, the capture of New Orleans was a huge blow to the rebel cause.
The city of New Orleans was captured by Union forces on April 25, 1862. Battling past the Confederate forts on the Mississippi River, Flag Officer David G. Farragut succeeded in reaching the city after probing the defenses for over a week. The largest city in the Confederacy, the capture of New Orleans was a huge blow to the rebel cause.
Advancing Across the Pacific
During World War II, the Allies adopted a strategy of "island hopping" across the Pacific. By landing on selected islands, US forces were able to push across the Pacific and bypass Japanese strong points. This approach culminated in the liberation of the Philippines and the Marianas Islands. From the latter, US aircraft were able to strike Japan and ultimately deliver the atom bombs which ended the war.
During World War II, the Allies adopted a strategy of "island hopping" across the Pacific. By landing on selected islands, US forces were able to push across the Pacific and bypass Japanese strong points. This approach culminated in the liberation of the Philippines and the Marianas Islands. From the latter, US aircraft were able to strike Japan and ultimately deliver the atom bombs which ended the war.
Gen. Robert E. Lee
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Abraham Lincoln
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Mexican War Causes
An overview of the cause of the 1846-1848 war between the United States and Mexico
An overview of the cause of the 1846-1848 war between the United States and Mexico
Vietnam War Americanization
A history of the early years of American involvement in the Vietnam War.
A history of the early years of American involvement in the Vietnam War.
Colonel Robert Gould Shaw
A native of Boston, MA, Robert Gould Shaw was the son of wealthy abolitionists. Following the outbreak of the Civil War, Shaw joined the Union Army and saw service with the 2nd Massachusetts. In 1863, he was offered command of the 54th Massachuesetts, the first Union regiment composed entirely of black soldiers. Shaw was killed leading his regiment during the assault on Fort Wagner, outside Charleston, SC, on July 18, 1863.
A native of Boston, MA, Robert Gould Shaw was the son of wealthy abolitionists. Following the outbreak of the Civil War, Shaw joined the Union Army and saw service with the 2nd Massachusetts. In 1863, he was offered command of the 54th Massachuesetts, the first Union regiment composed entirely of black soldiers. Shaw was killed leading his regiment during the assault on Fort Wagner, outside Charleston, SC, on July 18, 1863.
American Civil War 101
The American Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865, and was the bloodiest conflict in American history. Pitting North against South, the American Civil War had lasting repucussions that are still felt today. This overview will provide a brief history of the American Civil War.
The American Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865, and was the bloodiest conflict in American history. Pitting North against South, the American Civil War had lasting repucussions that are still felt today. This overview will provide a brief history of the American Civil War.
The Western Front
On June 6, 1944, the Allies landed in France opening the Western Front of World War II in Europe. Coming ashore in Normandy, Allied forces broke out of their beachhead and swept across France. In a final gamble, Hitler ordered a massive winter offensive which resulted in the Battle of the Bulge. After stopping the German assault, Allied forces fought their way into Germany and, in conjunction with the Soviets, compelled the Nazis to surrender ending World War II in Europe.
On June 6, 1944, the Allies landed in France opening the Western Front of World War II in Europe. Coming ashore in Normandy, Allied forces broke out of their beachhead and swept across France. In a final gamble, Hitler ordered a massive winter offensive which resulted in the Battle of the Bulge. After stopping the German assault, Allied forces fought their way into Germany and, in conjunction with the Soviets, compelled the Nazis to surrender ending World War II in Europe.
Battle of Hamburger Hill
In May 1969, US forces moved into the A Shau Valley in South Vietnam opening the Battle of Hamburger Hill. Enduring close quarters jungle fighting and several friendly fire incidents, they were finally able to overcome the North Vietnamese resistance. Due to the severity of the fighting, Hill 937 became known as "Hamburger Hill."
In May 1969, US forces moved into the A Shau Valley in South Vietnam opening the Battle of Hamburger Hill. Enduring close quarters jungle fighting and several friendly fire incidents, they were finally able to overcome the North Vietnamese resistance. Due to the severity of the fighting, Hill 937 became known as "Hamburger Hill."
World War II Pacific: Causes
Following World War I, the Western Powers recongized Japan as a colonial power. In a quest for additional natural resources and to ease population pressure, Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937. These conflicts were condemned by the West, and pressure was exerted on the Japanese goverment to withdrawal. Rather than bow to the West, Japan launched attacks against American and British possessions, beginning World War II in the Pacific.
Following World War I, the Western Powers recongized Japan as a colonial power. In a quest for additional natural resources and to ease population pressure, Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937. These conflicts were condemned by the West, and pressure was exerted on the Japanese goverment to withdrawal. Rather than bow to the West, Japan launched attacks against American and British possessions, beginning World War II in the Pacific.
Lt. Gen. Richard Ewell
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
M1 Garand
The M1 Garand was the first semiautomatic rifle to be issued to an entire army. Developed in the 1920s and 1930s, the M1 was designed by John Garand. Firing a .30-06 round, the M1 Garand was the main infantry weapon employed by US forces during World War II and the Korean War.
The M1 Garand was the first semiautomatic rifle to be issued to an entire army. Developed in the 1920s and 1930s, the M1 was designed by John Garand. Firing a .30-06 round, the M1 Garand was the main infantry weapon employed by US forces during World War II and the Korean War.
Civil War: Turning Points
The two victories at Gettysburg, PA and Vicksburg, MS, turned the Civil War in the Union's favor. Culminating within a day of each other, Gettysburg and Vicksburg respectively put Lee on the defensive in the East and opened the Mississippi in the West, paving the way for the South's ultimate defeat.
The two victories at Gettysburg, PA and Vicksburg, MS, turned the Civil War in the Union's favor. Culminating within a day of each other, Gettysburg and Vicksburg respectively put Lee on the defensive in the East and opened the Mississippi in the West, paving the way for the South's ultimate defeat.
Battle of Cannae
The Battle of Cannae was one of the key engagements of the Second Punic War. Meeting the Romans in southeast Italy, the Carthaginians under Hannibal executed a massive double-envelopment, surrounding and destroying the opposing army. Though the Battle of Cannae did not end the war, it was one of the greatest battlefield triumphs of all time.
The Battle of Cannae was one of the key engagements of the Second Punic War. Meeting the Romans in southeast Italy, the Carthaginians under Hannibal executed a massive double-envelopment, surrounding and destroying the opposing army. Though the Battle of Cannae did not end the war, it was one of the greatest battlefield triumphs of all time.
Adm. David G. Farragut
The adopted son of Commodore David Porter, Admiral David G. Farragut rose through the ranks to command the Union Navy during the Civil War. Winning victories at New Orleans, on the Mississippi, and at Mobile Bay, David G. Farragut became the first US naval officer to attain the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral, and admiral.
The adopted son of Commodore David Porter, Admiral David G. Farragut rose through the ranks to command the Union Navy during the Civil War. Winning victories at New Orleans, on the Mississippi, and at Mobile Bay, David G. Farragut became the first US naval officer to attain the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral, and admiral.
Charles Cornwallis
Best known for his role in the American Revolution, Lord Charles Cornwallis was a noted British military commander and colonial governor in the 18th and 19th centuries. Forced to surrender to George Washington at Yorktown in 1781, Cornwallis later served as governor-general of India where he worked to reform British colonial administration.
Best known for his role in the American Revolution, Lord Charles Cornwallis was a noted British military commander and colonial governor in the 18th and 19th centuries. Forced to surrender to George Washington at Yorktown in 1781, Cornwallis later served as governor-general of India where he worked to reform British colonial administration.
World War II Blitzkrieg
Following the outbreak of World War II after the invasion of Poland, Great Britain and France remained on the defensive. After defeating the Allies in Norway, the Germans launched a massive assault, sweeping through the Low Countries and France and forcing British troops to evacuate across the Channel. Standing alone, Britain successfully beat off German air attacks during the Battle of Britain.
Following the outbreak of World War II after the invasion of Poland, Great Britain and France remained on the defensive. After defeating the Allies in Norway, the Germans launched a massive assault, sweeping through the Low Countries and France and forcing British troops to evacuate across the Channel. Standing alone, Britain successfully beat off German air attacks during the Battle of Britain.
Doughboy
Definition of the term "doughboy" with an examination of the origin of the term.
Definition of the term "doughboy" with an examination of the origin of the term.
Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Gen. Braxton Bragg
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Spanish Armada
Arriving in July 1588, the Spanish Armada sought to control the English Channel and aid in transferring troops from Holland for the invasion of England. Shadowed by the English fleet, the Armada was harried by hit-and-run attacks until being defeated at the Battle of Gravelines on August 8. Retreating north, the Spanish lost many ships on the Irish coast as they sought to return to Spain.
Arriving in July 1588, the Spanish Armada sought to control the English Channel and aid in transferring troops from Holland for the invasion of England. Shadowed by the English fleet, the Armada was harried by hit-and-run attacks until being defeated at the Battle of Gravelines on August 8. Retreating north, the Spanish lost many ships on the Irish coast as they sought to return to Spain.
Lee-Enfield Rifle
The Lee-Enfield rifle was the standard service rifle of British and Commonwealth forces for much of the first half of the 20th century. A bolt-action, magazine-fed weapon, the Lee-Enfield saw extensive service during World War I and II. It is the second-most produced military rifle of all-time.
The Lee-Enfield rifle was the standard service rifle of British and Commonwealth forces for much of the first half of the 20th century. A bolt-action, magazine-fed weapon, the Lee-Enfield saw extensive service during World War I and II. It is the second-most produced military rifle of all-time.
Battle of Philippi
In October 42 BC, Brutus and Cassius, who had conspired to kill Julius Caesar, were engaged by the forces of the Second Triumvirate at the Battle of Philippi. Fought on two separate days, the Battle of Phiippi was a complete victory for the Triumvirate forces led by Octavian and Mark Antony and resulted in the suicides of Brutus and Cassius.
In October 42 BC, Brutus and Cassius, who had conspired to kill Julius Caesar, were engaged by the forces of the Second Triumvirate at the Battle of Philippi. Fought on two separate days, the Battle of Phiippi was a complete victory for the Triumvirate forces led by Octavian and Mark Antony and resulted in the suicides of Brutus and Cassius.
Maj. Gen. George G. Meade
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Inchon Landings
A decisive early battle of the Korean War, the Inchon invasion saw UN troops storm ashore deep behind North Korean lines. Coupled with a breakout from the Pusan Perimeter, the Inchon invasion forced the North Koreans to retreat deep into their own country, leading to their near defeat and intervention by the Chinese.
A decisive early battle of the Korean War, the Inchon invasion saw UN troops storm ashore deep behind North Korean lines. Coupled with a breakout from the Pusan Perimeter, the Inchon invasion forced the North Koreans to retreat deep into their own country, leading to their near defeat and intervention by the Chinese.
Vietnam War
A short, operational history of the Vietnam War from its origins in the end of World War II to the fall of Saigon.
A short, operational history of the Vietnam War from its origins in the end of World War II to the fall of Saigon.
Lt. Colonel George A. Custer
George A. Custer first achieved fame as a cavalry commander during the Civil War. A reckless soldier, Custer was known for his personal bravery and willingness to attack the enemy. Following the war, he was assigned to the frontier and took part in the US' wars against the Plains Indians. George Custer was killed in 1876, after his men were overrun at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
George A. Custer first achieved fame as a cavalry commander during the Civil War. A reckless soldier, Custer was known for his personal bravery and willingness to attack the enemy. Following the war, he was assigned to the frontier and took part in the US' wars against the Plains Indians. George Custer was killed in 1876, after his men were overrun at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
1900s Timeline
A military history timeline of the 20th and 21st centuries.
A military history timeline of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Winter at Valley Forge
Valley Forge was the encampment for Gen. George Washington's Continental Army during the winter of 1777/78. Arriving at Valley Forge battered after several defeats, the Continental Army endured a winter of starvation and privation. During the encampment, it was drilled and trained by the Prussian Baron von Steuben.
Valley Forge was the encampment for Gen. George Washington's Continental Army during the winter of 1777/78. Arriving at Valley Forge battered after several defeats, the Continental Army endured a winter of starvation and privation. During the encampment, it was drilled and trained by the Prussian Baron von Steuben.
Battle of Stirling Bridge
Fought in 1297, the Battle of Stirling Bridge was an early victory for the Scots over the English during the First War of Scottish Independence. In addition to repelling the English from Scotland, the Battle of Stirling Bridge earned Sir William Wallace fame and acclaim which led to his appointment as Guardian of Scotland.
Fought in 1297, the Battle of Stirling Bridge was an early victory for the Scots over the English during the First War of Scottish Independence. In addition to repelling the English from Scotland, the Battle of Stirling Bridge earned Sir William Wallace fame and acclaim which led to his appointment as Guardian of Scotland.
1800s Timeline
A military history timeline of the 19th century.
A military history timeline of the 19th century.
English Longbow
The English Longbow was devastating weapon on the medieval battlefield and was extensively used between the 13th and 17th centuries. Firing heavy arrows at long range, archers equipped with the English Longbow were capable of defeating charges by armored knights. The weapon is best remembered for its contributions to the English victories at Crecy (1346) and Agincourt (1415).
The English Longbow was devastating weapon on the medieval battlefield and was extensively used between the 13th and 17th centuries. Firing heavy arrows at long range, archers equipped with the English Longbow were capable of defeating charges by armored knights. The weapon is best remembered for its contributions to the English victories at Crecy (1346) and Agincourt (1415).
CSS Tennessee
The Civil War saw radical advances made in naval warfare as ships shifted from wooden hulls to armored ironclads. This gallery will provide an overview of the types of warships used by both sides during the Civil War.
The Civil War saw radical advances made in naval warfare as ships shifted from wooden hulls to armored ironclads. This gallery will provide an overview of the types of warships used by both sides during the Civil War.
de Havilland Mosquito
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Sir Francis Drake
One of England's greatest heroes, Sir Francis Drake ably served Queen Elizabeth I as a privateer and naval officer. In 1577-1580, Drake became only the second man to circumnavigate the globe, sacking Spanish towns and capturing ships along the way. Eight years after his return, Drake aided in leading the English to victory over the Spanish Armada.
One of England's greatest heroes, Sir Francis Drake ably served Queen Elizabeth I as a privateer and naval officer. In 1577-1580, Drake became only the second man to circumnavigate the globe, sacking Spanish towns and capturing ships along the way. Eight years after his return, Drake aided in leading the English to victory over the Spanish Armada.
Battleship Bismarck
DKM Bismarck was one of the most feared battleships constructed by Nazi Germany. Launched in 1939, Bismarck inspired such fear that when it first entered the Atlantic two years later the British devoted all of their resources to sinking it. After defeating HMS Hood, Bismarck was damaged by British aircraft and ultimately sunk on May 27, 1941.
DKM Bismarck was one of the most feared battleships constructed by Nazi Germany. Launched in 1939, Bismarck inspired such fear that when it first entered the Atlantic two years later the British devoted all of their resources to sinking it. After defeating HMS Hood, Bismarck was damaged by British aircraft and ultimately sunk on May 27, 1941.
Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Supermarine Spitfire
The Supermarine Spitfire was the iconic British fighter of World War II. With over 20,000 built, the Supermarine Spitfire saw action in all theaters of the war and proved a nimble and deadly aircraft.
The Supermarine Spitfire was the iconic British fighter of World War II. With over 20,000 built, the Supermarine Spitfire saw action in all theaters of the war and proved a nimble and deadly aircraft.
Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
German Panther Tank
The Panther medium tank entered service with the Wehrmacht in mid-1943. Possessing an excellent blend of firepower, armor, and speed, the Panther was one of the finest tanks produced during World War II. Used until the end of the conflict, the Panther strongly influenced postwar tank designs.
The Panther medium tank entered service with the Wehrmacht in mid-1943. Possessing an excellent blend of firepower, armor, and speed, the Panther was one of the finest tanks produced during World War II. Used until the end of the conflict, the Panther strongly influenced postwar tank designs.
Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Battle of Monmouth
Fought in June 1778, the Battle of Monmouth was the Continental Army's first major test after the winter at Valley Forge. The last major engagement in the north, the Battle of Monmouth ended as a draw with the British withdrawing to New York.
Fought in June 1778, the Battle of Monmouth was the Continental Army's first major test after the winter at Valley Forge. The last major engagement in the north, the Battle of Monmouth ended as a draw with the British withdrawing to New York.
General John Bell Hood
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Battle of Hastings
Invading England in the fall of 1066, William of Normandy met the Anglo-Saxon forces of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings on October 14. Fighting on Senlac Ridge, William's forces overcame determined resistance from the English to win the day. Following the victory at the Battle of Hastings, William advanced on London and forced the English nobles to submit to him.
Invading England in the fall of 1066, William of Normandy met the Anglo-Saxon forces of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings on October 14. Fighting on Senlac Ridge, William's forces overcame determined resistance from the English to win the day. Following the victory at the Battle of Hastings, William advanced on London and forced the English nobles to submit to him.
Joshua L. Chamberlain
One of the most famed Union commanders of the Civil War, Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain was a college professor turned army officer. A native of Maine, Chamberlain heroically defended Little Round Top during the Battle of Gettysburg and ultimately was chosen to receive the Confederate surrender at Appomattox.
One of the most famed Union commanders of the Civil War, Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain was a college professor turned army officer. A native of Maine, Chamberlain heroically defended Little Round Top during the Battle of Gettysburg and ultimately was chosen to receive the Confederate surrender at Appomattox.
Mitsubishi A6M Zero
The Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Zero was the primary fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Highly maneuverable, the Japanese Zero outclassed most Allied fighters during the early years of the conflict. As the war progressed, the Zero found itself inferior to the new generation of fighters such as the F6F Hellcat and F4U Corsair.
The Japanese Mitsubishi A6M Zero was the primary fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Highly maneuverable, the Japanese Zero outclassed most Allied fighters during the early years of the conflict. As the war progressed, the Zero found itself inferior to the new generation of fighters such as the F6F Hellcat and F4U Corsair.
Karabiner 98k
The Karabiner 98k was one of the principal rifles used by the German Wehrmacht (Army) during World War II. Employed in all theaters involving German forces, the Karabiner 98k was the last in a long line of Mauser rifles designed for Germany. After the war, the Karabiner 98k was used in variety of other conflicts including fighting in the Middle East and Vietnam.
The Karabiner 98k was one of the principal rifles used by the German Wehrmacht (Army) during World War II. Employed in all theaters involving German forces, the Karabiner 98k was the last in a long line of Mauser rifles designed for Germany. After the war, the Karabiner 98k was used in variety of other conflicts including fighting in the Middle East and Vietnam.
Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Fokker D.VII
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
Battle of Lepanto
The Battle of Lepanto was a key naval engagement during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Meeting in the Gulf of Patras, the forces of the Holy League succeeded in defeating the Ottoman fleet and ending Turkish expansion in the Mediterranean.
The Battle of Lepanto was a key naval engagement during the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. Meeting in the Gulf of Patras, the forces of the Holy League succeeded in defeating the Ottoman fleet and ending Turkish expansion in the Mediterranean.
Gen. Joseph Johnston
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Civil War in the East, 1862/3
The first two years of the American Civil War in the east were marked by a string of Confederate victories and the rise of Robert E. Lee. The Union employed a succession of generals in numerous attempts to capture Richmond and achieve victory in the Civil War.
The first two years of the American Civil War in the east were marked by a string of Confederate victories and the rise of Robert E. Lee. The Union employed a succession of generals in numerous attempts to capture Richmond and achieve victory in the Civil War.
New Guinea, Burma, & China
In addition to operations in the Southwest and Central Pacific, fighting raged across New Guinea, Burma, and China as Allied and Japanese forces fought for control. Led by Douglas MacArthur, Allied troops drove many of the Japanese from New Guinea in 1943. To the west, Allied troops were pushed out of Burma necessitating a long campaign to retake it. In China, the Allies supported the operations of Chiang Kai Shek and his Nationalist government.
In addition to operations in the Southwest and Central Pacific, fighting raged across New Guinea, Burma, and China as Allied and Japanese forces fought for control. Led by Douglas MacArthur, Allied troops drove many of the Japanese from New Guinea in 1943. To the west, Allied troops were pushed out of Burma necessitating a long campaign to retake it. In China, the Allies supported the operations of Chiang Kai Shek and his Nationalist government.
Lt. Gen. James Longstreet
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Battle of Bannockburn
Fought near Stirling Castle, the Battle of Bannockburn was the decisive battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. Occurring in 1314, Bannockburn saw the outnumbered forces of Robert the Bruce inflict a devastating defeat on the English led by Edward II. The victory at Bannockburn secured Bruce's position as king of Scotland and paved the way for recognition of the nation's independence.
Fought near Stirling Castle, the Battle of Bannockburn was the decisive battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. Occurring in 1314, Bannockburn saw the outnumbered forces of Robert the Bruce inflict a devastating defeat on the English led by Edward II. The victory at Bannockburn secured Bruce's position as king of Scotland and paved the way for recognition of the nation's independence.
Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Ethan Allen
A profile of Ethan Allen, leader of the Green Mountain Boys and an American officer during the Revolutionary War. Best known for his capture of Fort Ticonderoga, Ethan Allen served throughout the northern front and was heavily involved in Vermont politics.
A profile of Ethan Allen, leader of the Green Mountain Boys and an American officer during the Revolutionary War. Best known for his capture of Fort Ticonderoga, Ethan Allen served throughout the northern front and was heavily involved in Vermont politics.
Battleship Yamato
The Japanese battleship Yamato, and its sisters, were the largest, most powerful ships of their type ever constructed. Completed in late 1941, Yamato served with the Imperial Japanese Navy throughout World War II. In April 1945, Yamato was sunk by US aircraft while on a "suicide ride" to aid in the defense of Okinawa.
The Japanese battleship Yamato, and its sisters, were the largest, most powerful ships of their type ever constructed. Completed in late 1941, Yamato served with the Imperial Japanese Navy throughout World War II. In April 1945, Yamato was sunk by US aircraft while on a "suicide ride" to aid in the defense of Okinawa.
Tupolev Tu-2
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Maj. Gen. John Pope
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Brown Bess Musket
Originally the Long Land Pattern, the "Brown Bess" musket was the standard small arm of the British Army between 1722 and 1838. A flintlock musket, the basic Brown Bess pattern was altered and upgraded several times during its service life. It was finally superseded with the introduction of percussion cap muskets in the early 19th century.
Originally the Long Land Pattern, the "Brown Bess" musket was the standard small arm of the British Army between 1722 and 1838. A flintlock musket, the basic Brown Bess pattern was altered and upgraded several times during its service life. It was finally superseded with the introduction of percussion cap muskets in the early 19th century.
Mexican-American War 101
The Mexican-American War resulted the dramatic growth of the United States and laid the seeds for the American Civil War. Start here for information on the Mexican-American War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
The Mexican-American War resulted the dramatic growth of the United States and laid the seeds for the American Civil War. Start here for information on the Mexican-American War - a short, one page overview of the conflict.
Battle of Falkirk
Marching north in 1298, to avenge the English defeat at Stirling Bridge, King Edward I met a smaller Scottish army under Sir William Wallace at Falkirk. Using his archers to weaken the Scottish lines, Edward's troops were then able to drive the Scots from the field.
Marching north in 1298, to avenge the English defeat at Stirling Bridge, King Edward I met a smaller Scottish army under Sir William Wallace at Falkirk. Using his archers to weaken the Scottish lines, Edward's troops were then able to drive the Scots from the field.
Pearl Harbor
The homeport of the US Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbor was first acquired by the United States in 1887. Slow to develop due to its shallow entrance channel, Pearl Harbor became the US Navy's premier base in the Pacific in the years prior to World War II. Attacked on December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor rose from the ashes and supported the US Pacific Fleet throughout the war. Still in full use today, Pearl Harbor continues to stand guard over the "Crossroads of the Pacific."
The homeport of the US Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbor was first acquired by the United States in 1887. Slow to develop due to its shallow entrance channel, Pearl Harbor became the US Navy's premier base in the Pacific in the years prior to World War II. Attacked on December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor rose from the ashes and supported the US Pacific Fleet throughout the war. Still in full use today, Pearl Harbor continues to stand guard over the "Crossroads of the Pacific."
Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
World War II Pacific: 1942
During the first full year of World War II in the Pacific, the Japanese won a series of victories over the Allies, capturing the Singapore and the Philippines. In May and June, the Japanese advance was checked at the Battles of Coral Sea and Midway. The latter, due to the heavy naval losses inflicted on the Japanese is seen as the turning point of World War II in the Pacific. As a follow up to these victories, the Allies began the long march to Japan by invading Guadalcanal.
During the first full year of World War II in the Pacific, the Japanese won a series of victories over the Allies, capturing the Singapore and the Philippines. In May and June, the Japanese advance was checked at the Battles of Coral Sea and Midway. The latter, due to the heavy naval losses inflicted on the Japanese is seen as the turning point of World War II in the Pacific. As a follow up to these victories, the Allies began the long march to Japan by invading Guadalcanal.
The Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion was an anti-foreigner, anti-West uprising in China in 1899 and 1900. Largely caused by foreign influence in trade, religion, and politics, the Boxer Rebellion was suppressed by the Eight-Nation Alliance of Japan, Great Britain, the United States, France, Italy, Germany, the Austo-Hungarian Empire, and Russia.
The Boxer Rebellion was an anti-foreigner, anti-West uprising in China in 1899 and 1900. Largely caused by foreign influence in trade, religion, and politics, the Boxer Rebellion was suppressed by the Eight-Nation Alliance of Japan, Great Britain, the United States, France, Italy, Germany, the Austo-Hungarian Empire, and Russia.
Civil War in the East 63-65
The last two years of the American Civil War in the Eastern Theater were largely focused on the struggle between Union Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee. Beginning in May 1864, Grant launched the brutal Overland Campaign designed to capture Richmond and grind down Lee's army. The Civil War in the Eastern Theater ended in April 1865, when Grant finally compelled Lee to surrender at Appomattox Court House.
The last two years of the American Civil War in the Eastern Theater were largely focused on the struggle between Union Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee. Beginning in May 1864, Grant launched the brutal Overland Campaign designed to capture Richmond and grind down Lee's army. The Civil War in the Eastern Theater ended in April 1865, when Grant finally compelled Lee to surrender at Appomattox Court House.
General William Westmoreland
General William Westmoreland is best remembered as the commander of US forces in Vietnam between 1964 and 1968. Lured into committing a large percentage of his forces to Khe Sanh, he was surprised by the North Vietnamese Tet Offensive. In June 1968, William Westmoreland left Vietnam to become US Army Chief of Staff and was replaced by Gen. Creighton Abrams.
General William Westmoreland is best remembered as the commander of US forces in Vietnam between 1964 and 1968. Lured into committing a large percentage of his forces to Khe Sanh, he was surprised by the North Vietnamese Tet Offensive. In June 1968, William Westmoreland left Vietnam to become US Army Chief of Staff and was replaced by Gen. Creighton Abrams.
Belleau Wood
Fighting in Belleau Wood in 1918, the US Marines earned the nickname "devil dogs." In 26 days of savage fighting, the Marines aided in stopping the German Aisne offensive and recaptured Belleau Wood. In the process, US forces suffered nearly 10,000 casualties.
Fighting in Belleau Wood in 1918, the US Marines earned the nickname "devil dogs." In 26 days of savage fighting, the Marines aided in stopping the German Aisne offensive and recaptured Belleau Wood. In the process, US forces suffered nearly 10,000 casualties.
Admiral Sir Henry Morgan
Sir Admiral Henry Morgan was an English privateer during the 1600s who led buccaneers in the Caribbean Sea. During his career he sacked several Spanish cities and is best known for his capture of Panama in 1671. Henry Morgan was knighted three years later and became Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica in 1675.
Sir Admiral Henry Morgan was an English privateer during the 1600s who led buccaneers in the Caribbean Sea. During his career he sacked several Spanish cities and is best known for his capture of Panama in 1671. Henry Morgan was knighted three years later and became Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica in 1675.
Containment
Containment was a foreign policy strategy followed by the United States during the Cold War. Containment stated that communism needed to be contained, or it would spread to neighboring countries.
Containment was a foreign policy strategy followed by the United States during the Cold War. Containment stated that communism needed to be contained, or it would spread to neighboring countries.
The Eastern Front
Expanding World War II in Europe by invading the Soviet Union in June 1941, Hitler opened a second front that would consume massive amounts of German manpower and resources. After achieving stunning success in the early months of the campaign, the attack stalled and the Soviets began to slowly push the Germans back. On May 2, 1945, the Soviets captured Berlin helping to end World War II in Europe.
Expanding World War II in Europe by invading the Soviet Union in June 1941, Hitler opened a second front that would consume massive amounts of German manpower and resources. After achieving stunning success in the early months of the campaign, the attack stalled and the Soviets began to slowly push the Germans back. On May 2, 1945, the Soviets captured Berlin helping to end World War II in Europe.
Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
SPAD S.XIII
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
Battle of Isandlwana
The Battle of Isandlwana was fought on January 22, 1879, during the opening stages of the Anglo-Zulu War. After advancing into Zululand, the British troops guarding the camp at Isandlwana were attacked by the main Zulu army and massacred. The defeat at Isandlwana remains the greatest British defeat at the hands of native forces.
The Battle of Isandlwana was fought on January 22, 1879, during the opening stages of the Anglo-Zulu War. After advancing into Zululand, the British troops guarding the camp at Isandlwana were attacked by the main Zulu army and massacred. The defeat at Isandlwana remains the greatest British defeat at the hands of native forces.
Second Opium War
Fought between 1856 and 1860, the Second Opium War led to the further opening of China to foreign influence and contributed to the spread of imperialism. Led by Britain and France, Western forces were able to defeat the Chinese and gain significant concessions. The Second Opium War was ended by the Convention of Peking.
Fought between 1856 and 1860, the Second Opium War led to the further opening of China to foreign influence and contributed to the spread of imperialism. Led by Britain and France, Western forces were able to defeat the Chinese and gain significant concessions. The Second Opium War was ended by the Convention of Peking.
B-29 Superfortress
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Avro Lancaster
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Fokker Dr.I
Developed in 1917, the Fokker Dr.I became one of the iconic German aircraft of World War I. Created in response to the Sopwith Triplane, the Fokker Dr.I quickly became a favorite of the famed Red Baron. Though plagued by mechanical issues, the aircraft remained in service for the remainder of the war.
Developed in 1917, the Fokker Dr.I became one of the iconic German aircraft of World War I. Created in response to the Sopwith Triplane, the Fokker Dr.I quickly became a favorite of the famed Red Baron. Though plagued by mechanical issues, the aircraft remained in service for the remainder of the war.
Messerschmitt Me 262
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was the world's first operational jet fighter. A groundbreaking aircraft, the Me 262 entered service in 1944. Though faster than Allied fighters, the Me 262 was not as maneuverable and never appeared in large enough numbers to have an impact on the war.
The Messerschmitt Me 262 was the world's first operational jet fighter. A groundbreaking aircraft, the Me 262 entered service in 1944. Though faster than Allied fighters, the Me 262 was not as maneuverable and never appeared in large enough numbers to have an impact on the war.
Liberty Ships
Liberty Ships were mass-produced cargo ships built during World War II to provide the Allies with much needed merchant tonnage. Designed to replace merchant ships lost to U-boat attacks, Liberty Ships were of a simple design that could be build quickly. Utilizing a variety of new and old technologies, Liberty Ships proved vital to the Allied war effort.
Liberty Ships were mass-produced cargo ships built during World War II to provide the Allies with much needed merchant tonnage. Designed to replace merchant ships lost to U-boat attacks, Liberty Ships were of a simple design that could be build quickly. Utilizing a variety of new and old technologies, Liberty Ships proved vital to the Allied war effort.
B-24 Liberator
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
USS Maine Explodes
Commissioned in 1895, USS Maine was an armored cruiser built for the US Navy. Sent to protect American interests in Havana, Cuba, USS Maine exploded on the night of February 15, 1898. The loss of USS Maine, coupled with tensions over Cuba, led the United States to declare war on Spain that April.
Commissioned in 1895, USS Maine was an armored cruiser built for the US Navy. Sent to protect American interests in Havana, Cuba, USS Maine exploded on the night of February 15, 1898. The loss of USS Maine, coupled with tensions over Cuba, led the United States to declare war on Spain that April.
Junkers Ju 88
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Charles Martel
The leader of the Frankish army at the Battle of Tours in 732, Charles Martel played a key role in turning back the Muslim invasions of Europe. Charles Martel also founded the Carolingian Empire which was later ruled by his grandson, Charlemagne.
The leader of the Frankish army at the Battle of Tours in 732, Charles Martel played a key role in turning back the Muslim invasions of Europe. Charles Martel also founded the Carolingian Empire which was later ruled by his grandson, Charlemagne.
Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
USS Constellation
USS Constellation is the last all-sail warship built for the US Navy and the last naval vessel active during the Civil War still afloat. Best known for its work fighting the slave trade, USS Constellation is now preserved as a museum in Baltimore, MD.
USS Constellation is the last all-sail warship built for the US Navy and the last naval vessel active during the Civil War still afloat. Best known for its work fighting the slave trade, USS Constellation is now preserved as a museum in Baltimore, MD.
Lt. Gen. Jubal Early
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
The Confederate Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Confederate generals who contributed to the Southern cause and helped guide its armies throughout the war.
Mitsubishi G4M
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
The first major war to feature widespread bombing, World War II produced a variety of bombers of all shapes and sizes. While some nations such as the United States and Great Britain built long-range, four-engine aircraft, others chose to focus on smaller, medium bombers. This gallery will provide an overview of some the bombers used during the conflict.
Bonhomme Richard vs. HMS Serap
Meeting off Flamborough Head, England, Commodore John Paul Jones, aboard Bonhomme Richard, and his squadron captured the British warships HMS Serapis and HMS Countess of Scarborough. The battle was a major embarrassment for the Royal Navy and was one of the most famous American naval triumphs of the war.
Meeting off Flamborough Head, England, Commodore John Paul Jones, aboard Bonhomme Richard, and his squadron captured the British warships HMS Serapis and HMS Countess of Scarborough. The battle was a major embarrassment for the Royal Navy and was one of the most famous American naval triumphs of the war.
Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory.
Boeing B-29 Superfortress
One of the largest aircraft to see service during World War II, the Boeing B-29 Superfortress was the last major addition to the US bomber fleet during the conflict. Easily recognized by its distinctive silhouette, the B-29 is best known as the aircraft that dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
One of the largest aircraft to see service during World War II, the Boeing B-29 Superfortress was the last major addition to the US bomber fleet during the conflict. Easily recognized by its distinctive silhouette, the B-29 is best known as the aircraft that dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Battle of Megiddo
On May 9, 1457 BC, Egyptian troops led by Pharaoh Thutmose III defeated a rebel army led by the King of Kadesh at the Battle of Megiddo. Marching north into Palestine, Thutmose surprised the rebels by passing through the Aruna Valley. Emerging near Megiddo, his troops routed the rebels in a battle outside the city walls.
On May 9, 1457 BC, Egyptian troops led by Pharaoh Thutmose III defeated a rebel army led by the King of Kadesh at the Battle of Megiddo. Marching north into Palestine, Thutmose surprised the rebels by passing through the Aruna Valley. Emerging near Megiddo, his troops routed the rebels in a battle outside the city walls.
Renault FT-17 Tank
A revolutionary design, the Renault FT-17 was the first tank to possesss a fully rotating turret. Designed by Rodolphe Ernst-Metzmaier, over 3,000 Renault FT-17s were produced and saw service on the Western Front during World War I. While the French were the predominent user of the Renault FT-17, several hundred were given to the US Army and others were built under license in the United States.
A revolutionary design, the Renault FT-17 was the first tank to possesss a fully rotating turret. Designed by Rodolphe Ernst-Metzmaier, over 3,000 Renault FT-17s were produced and saw service on the Western Front during World War I. While the French were the predominent user of the Renault FT-17, several hundred were given to the US Army and others were built under license in the United States.
Operation Gomorrah
Beginning on July 24, 1943, Operation Gomorrah was a coordinated bombing assault on the city of Hamburg, Germany. Striking the city continuously for eight days and seven nights, American and British bombers reduced much of Hamburg to rubble, killing 50,000 and leaving over a million Germans homeless.
Beginning on July 24, 1943, Operation Gomorrah was a coordinated bombing assault on the city of Hamburg, Germany. Striking the city continuously for eight days and seven nights, American and British bombers reduced much of Hamburg to rubble, killing 50,000 and leaving over a million Germans homeless.
Nieuport 17
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
World War I was the first major conflict to feature a wide variety of military aircraft. Beginning with simple and fragile fighters such as the Fokker E.III, the air forces of both sides quickly developed increasingly sleek and sophisticated aircraft to contest the skies over Europe. This gallery provides an overview of the fighters employed by the British, French, and German air services during World War I.
Bridge at Remagan
The Bridge at Remagen was the first Allied bridgehead over the Rhine River in the closing days of World War II. Known as the Ludendorff Bridge, the bridge at Remagen was captured by elements of the US 9th Armored Division on March 7-8, 1945, before it could be destroyed by the Germans. The bridge collapsed on March 17, 1945.
The Bridge at Remagen was the first Allied bridgehead over the Rhine River in the closing days of World War II. Known as the Ludendorff Bridge, the bridge at Remagen was captured by elements of the US 9th Armored Division on March 7-8, 1945, before it could be destroyed by the Germans. The bridge collapsed on March 17, 1945.
M1903 Springfield Rifle
Developed in 1903, the M1903 Springfield became one of the most famous rifles in American history. The standard infantry weapon of the American Expeditionary Force in World War I, it continued in service into World War II. Though largely replaced by the M1 Garand, the M1903 Springfield remained in some uses through 1957.
Developed in 1903, the M1903 Springfield became one of the most famous rifles in American history. The standard infantry weapon of the American Expeditionary Force in World War I, it continued in service into World War II. Though largely replaced by the M1 Garand, the M1903 Springfield remained in some uses through 1957.